Lesson 01 · 4 min
Build the stopping path
Explain perception, reaction, braking, and the added lag in air-brake systems.
Rule to rememberCount perception, reaction, and braking distance. With air brakes, also count brake-lag distance.
See
Perception distance is how far the vehicle travels while you see and understand a hazard.
Act
Reaction distance is how far the vehicle travels while you move your foot to the brake.
Stop
Brake lag adds travel after the pedal is pressed and before air brakes act. Braking distance follows. Speed, traction, brake condition, and load affect the result; an empty truck is not guaranteed to stop sooner.
Sources
Oregon DMV Commercial Driver Manual · 2.6–2.7; 2.12; 2.16 · recorded date 2026-09-07 ↗Oregon DMV Air Brakes · 5.4.4 Stopping Distance · recorded date 2026-09-07 ↗New York State Commercial Driver's Manual CDL-10 (11/25) · 5.4.4 Stopping Distance · recorded date 2026-09-22 ↗Pennsylvania Commercial Driver's Manual PUB 223 (2-24) · 5.4.4 Stopping Distance · recorded date 2026-09-22 ↗
